ABO Incompatible (Blood Group Mismatched) Kidney Transplant
Kidney Transplant with a Different Blood Group (ABOi)
A simple, complete guide for patients and families on how we safely bypass blood group mismatches.
What does “ABO Incompatible” mean?
In the past, a patient could only receive a kidney from a donor with a matching blood group. If your blood groups did not match (for example, if you are Blood Group ‘O’ and your donor is Blood Group ‘A’), the transplant could not happen. Your body would instantly reject the new kidney because of natural fighters in your blood called antibodies.
Today, an ABO Incompatible (ABOi) Kidney Transplant means we can safely perform your surgery even if your donor has a completely different blood group. With advanced medical treatments, we temporarily “wash away” these antibodies from your blood, allowing your body to accept the donor’s kidney safely.
How does it work? (Step-by-Step Patient Journey)
Antibody Testing (Titer Test)
First, we do a simple blood test to check the total amount of antibodies in your blood. This helps us plan exactly how many medical “washing” sessions you will need before the operation.
Washing the Blood (Plasmapheresis)
About a week before the surgery, you will sit next to a special machine. This machine filters your blood and removes the antibodies that could harm your new kidney. It feels very similar to a regular dialysis session.
Protective Medications
We will give you specific medicines (including an injection called Rituximab and regular pills) to stop your body from creating new antibodies. This creates a safe environment for your new kidney to work.
Is it safe and what is the success rate?
Yes, it is highly successful. Once the first month after surgery passes safely, the long-term success rate of a blood group mismatched kidney transplant is 90% to 95%—which is exactly the same as a normal matching kidney transplant.
Over time, a fascinating process called accommodation happens inside your body: your immune system gets used to the new kidney and stops treating it like a stranger, allowing it to function normally for many years.
Why choose an ABO Incompatible Transplant?
- No Long Waiting Lists: You do not have to wait for years on a deceased (cadaveric) donor list. Your family member can donate immediately.
- Get Off Dialysis Faster: Less time spent on painful dialysis means better overall heart and body health.
- Excellent Long-term Results: Gives you and your family a normal, independent quality of life.
Have a Mismatched Family Donor?
If you have a family member ready to donate a kidney but their blood group does not match, don’t worry. Speak directly with our transplant desk to understand how we can plan a safe ABOi transplant for you:
Clinical Location: Institute of Nephrology, Medanta – The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurugram, India 122001