What is a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?

The urinary tract includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. A urinary tract infection (UTI) happens when harmful bacteria—often Escherichia coli—enter this system, especially the bladder and urethra. UTIs are more common in women but can affect anyone. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are key to preventing kidney damage and recurring UTIs.

Causes of UTI

UTIs generally occur when bacteria enter the urethra and multiply in the bladder. Contributing factors include poor hygiene, sexual activity, catheter use, and menopause. Recurrent UTIs in women are often linked to anatomical and hormonal changes.

UTI Symptoms to Watch For

• Strong urge to urinate frequently
• Burning sensation while urinating
• Cloudy, dark, or foul-smelling urine
• Blood in urine (hematuria)
• Pelvic pain or discomfort
• Low-grade fever or chills (if infection spreads)

How to Prevent Urinary Tract Infections

Lower your risk of UTIs by following these evidence-based strategies:

• Drink at least 8–10 glasses of water daily
• Take unsweetened cranberry juice or cranberry supplements for UTI prevention
• Urinate immediately after sexual intercourse
• Avoid scented feminine hygiene products
• Use non-spermicidal forms of birth control

Everyday Lifestyle Tips for UTI Prevention

• Do not hold urine—empty your bladder regularly
• Wipe from front to back after using the toilet
• Wear breathable, cotton underwear
• Avoid tight-fitting pants or synthetic materials
• Limit intake of caffeine and alcohol

Preventing Recurring UTIs

If you suffer from frequent infections, consider these long-term solutions:

• Stay hydrated to flush bacteria from the system
• Take probiotics, especially Lactobacillus, to support good bacteria
• Urinate after intercourse to remove bacteria from the urethra
• Discuss low-dose preventive antibiotics with your doctor
• Consider natural UTI remedies like cranberry extract and D-mannose