How kidney Functions in human body?

The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood to form urine.

Here’s a simplified breakdown of how they function:

• Filtration: Blood enters the kidneys through the renal arteries, which branch off from the aorta. Inside each kidney are about a million tiny structures called nephrons. Each nephron consists of a filtering unit called the glomerulus and a tubule. As blood flows through the glomerulus, small molecules like water, salts, glucose, and waste products are filtered out of the blood and into the tubule.
• Reabsorption:: As the filtered fluid (now called filtrate) travels through the tubule, essential substances that the body needs, such as glucose, amino acids, and salts, are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. This process helps maintain the body’s balance of electrolytes and other important substances.